Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobentos Sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Perairan Di Sungai Upang Desa Tanah Bawah Kecamatan Puding Besar Kabupaten Bangka

The Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos As The Bioindicator Of The Water Quality In Upang Stream Tanah Bawah Villag Puding Besar Sub District Bangka Regency

Abstract

The Upang stream  is one of a river  that has the highest fishery resources. However,  some antropogenic activities can affect  the quality of the water in that stream. The research aims to analyze the community structure  of macrozoobenthos, bioindicator species, water quality and examine the relation of macrozoobenthos with the environment`s parameters. The research conducted on December 2019  untill January 2020 in Upang Stream Tanah Bawah Village. The Data of macrozoobenthos is taken using the simple random method. The Retrieval of data is divided into three stations, where each station consists of three substations.The result potrayed  that there were 6 species of macrozoobenthos from 6 families and overall there were 128 individuals.  The highest density of macrozoobenthos  is  in station 3 with the density  is 189 ind/m² and the lowest is in station 1 with the density 56 ind/m². The low makrozoobenthos diversit index in the Upang Stream is thought to be due to unfavorable environmental factors. This indicaties, the existence of ecological pressure in an ecosystem that resulted in a few makrozoobentos found. Makrozoobenthos can be used as quality indicators issued by Tubifex sp (heavy pollutant indicator), Physa sp and melanoides tuberculata (medium pollutant indicators), Gomphidae (mild pollutant indicator) and (Macrobrachium sp (mild pollutant indicator and self purification). The density of macrozoobenthos correlates by Temperature, sand, dust and DO. The diversity of macrozoobenthos correlates by BOT, sand, and TSS