KOMUNIKASI SINGKAT: KEBIASAAN MAKAN IKAN KEPALA TIMAH (Aplocheilus panchax, Hamilton 1822) DI PERAIRAN EKSTREM ASAM PASCATAMBANG TIMAH TERABAIKAN
Abstract
Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax, Hamilton 1822) is one of the fish that has the survival abilities to live in a wide variety of quality waters. The ability of A. panchax to survive in acidic waters has begun to be widely studied as extremophile fish to study ecosystems in aquatic habitats that have acidic characteristics. This study aimed to determine the food habits of A. panchax as natural food in acid water of abandoned ex-tin mining activity. The results showed that the natural food for A. panchax was insects larvae or insects that fall on the surface of the waters. The food habits and terminal mouth type confirmed that A. panchax was surface feeder fish, carnivorous fish, larvivorous or insectivorous fish. The sagittiform body type was used A. panchax to did the strategy of feeding behavior by pursue or ambush their prey and it indicated that A. panchax as ambush predator.
Keywords:
Acidic Water, Aplocheilus panchax, Extremophile Fish, Insect, Natural Food
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References
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Braganca PHN, Amorim PF, Costa WJEM. 2018. Pantanodontidae (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes), the sister group to all other cyprinodontoid killifishes as inferred by molecular data. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(1): 137-145
Burns MD, Sidlauskas BL. 2019. Ancient and contingent body shape diversification in a hyperdiverse continental fish radiation. Evolution 73(3): 569-587
Chakraborty S, Bhattacharya S, Bhattacharya S. 2008. Control of mosquitoes by the use of fish in Asia with special reference to India: retrospects and prospects. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan 15(3): 147-156
Chandra G, Bhattacharjee I, Chatterjee SN, Ghosh A. 2008. Mosquito control by larvivorous fish. Indian Journal of Medical Research 127(1): 13-27
Dekar M, Sarong MA, Batubara AS, Muchlisin ZA. 2018. Ichthyofauna of Aceh River, Aceh Province, Indonesia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 216(1): 012024. IOP Publishing
Fugi R, Agostinho AA, Hahn NS. 2001. Trophic morphology of five benthic-feeding fish species of a tropical floodplain. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 61(1): 27-33
Furness AI, Reznick DN, Springer MS, Meredith RW. 2015. Convergent evolution of alternative developmental trajectories associated with diapause in African and South American killifish. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 282(1802): 20142189
Gupta S, Banerjee S. 2013. Comparative assessment of mosquito biocontrol efficiency between guppy (Poecilia reticulata) and panchax minnow (Aplocheilus panchax). Bioscience Discovery 4(1): 89-95
Katwate U, Kumkar P, Britz R, Raghavan R, Dahanukar N. 2018. The identity of Aplocheilus andamanicus (Kohler, 1906) (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes), an endemic killifish from the Andaman Island, with notes on Odontopsis armata van Hasselt. Zootaxa 4382(1): 159-174
Kurniawan A, Mustikasari D., 2021. Review tentang kemampuan ikan ekstremofil untuk hidup di perairan asam dan terkontaminasi logam berat pascapenambangan timah. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 19(3): 541-554
Manna B, Aditya G, Banerjee S. 2011. Habitat heterogeneity and prey selection of Aplocheilus panchax: an indigenous larvivorous fish. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases 48(3): 144-149
Mustikasari D, Agustiani RD. 2021. DNA barcoding ikan kepala timah dan betok berdasarkan gen COI sebagai ikan pioneer di kolong pascatambang timah, Pulau Bangka. Samakia: Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan 12(1): 86-95
Ng KC, Ooi PA, Wong WL, Khoo G. 2017. A review of fish taxonomy conventions and species identification techniques. Survey in Fisheries Sciences 4(1): 54-93
Pohl M, Milvertz FC, Meyer A, Vences M. 2015. Multigene phylogeny of Cyprinodontiform fishes suggests continental radiations and a rogue taxon position of Pantanodon. Vertebrate Zoology 65(1): 37-44
Pulungan CP. 2009. Fauna ikan dari Sungai Tenayan, anak sungai Siak, dan rawa di sekitarnya, Riau. Berkala Perikanan Terubuk 37(2): 78-90
Putri AM, Setiadi D, Oktari V, Kurniawan A. 2022. Potensi ikan kepala timah (Aplocheilus panchax Hamilton, 1822) sebagai agen biokontrol jentik nyamuk di Pulau Bangka. Samakia: Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan 13(2): 98-104
Riesch R, Tobler M, Plath M. 2015. Extremophile Fishes. Ecology, Evolution, and Physiology of Teleosts in Extreme Environments. Springer. 326p
Senay C, Harvey-Lavoie S, Macnaughton CJ, Bourque G, Boisclair D. 2017. Morphological differentiation in northern pike (Esox lucius): the influence of environmental conditions and sex on body shape. Canadian Journal of Zoology 95(6): 383-391
Thompson AW, Hayes A, Podrabsky JE, Orti G. 2017. Gene expression during delayed hatching in fish-out-of-water. Ecological Genetics and Genomics 3-5(2017): 52-59
Vasil’eva ED, Medvedev DA, Chi TTL, Prazdnikov, DV, Pavlov DS, Nga NT, Vasil’ev VP. 2013. Species structure of the ichthyofauna of the inland waters of Phu Quoc Island, Gulf of Thailand, Vietnam. Journal of Ichthyology 53(6): 380-396
Zhang Z. 2011. Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness (Addenda 2013). Zootaxa 3703(1): 5-11
