Stannum : Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia

Comparative Study Of The Use Of Natural Ingredient In Ethnomedical Study In Indonesia On The Herbal Formulary Of The RI Ministry Of Health

Fatimah Azzahra — 2023-10-31

Geologically based on the Wallace-Weber line, the distribution of flora in Indonesia is divided into 3 regions, namely the west which is influenced by the Asian continent, the middle which is a transition, and the east which is influenced by the Australian continent. Research on ethnomedicin from various regions has been carried out including representatives from each region. A review of the ethnomedicine studies was comparing various region of Indonesia namely Jambur Labu Village (DJL) in Jambi Province, Sangihe Island (PS) in North Celebes, Morotai in North Maluku (MU), Secang District in West Java, the Dayak Tribe in East Kalimantan, and Jayawijaya District in Papua to the Original Indonesian Herbal Medicine Formulary (FOHAI). From ethnomedicine research conducted in 9 regions in Indonesia from the islands of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, and Papua, it was found that Psidium guajava was used the most, namely by 8 regions and generally as an anti-diarrheal, then turmeric was used by 7 regions. Annona muricata, Morinda citrifolia, Musa paradisiaca, Piper betle, Syzygium Polyanthum, and Zingiber officinale were used in 6 areas. Among the most utilized plants, Piper betle and Musa paradisiaca have not been included in FOHAI data.

Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Test of Gleichenia linearis Leaf Extract as Antioxidant Using Microwave Assisted Extraction

Sri Rizki Pratiwi — 2023-10-31

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from sunlight and radiation exposure from devices such as mobile phones, laptops, and others can be factors in the formation of free radicals. Excessive exposure to free radicals can cause oxidative stress, thus requiring defense mechanisms to prevent damage, one of which is the use of antioxidants. One source of antioxidants is the resam leaves. Resam leaf extract is known to contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. This research aims to determine the influence of solvents and extraction time variations on the yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of resam leaf extract. Additionally, it aims to explore the relationship between the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in relation to antioxidant activity. The testing comprises the determination of total phenolic content using the Folin-Ciocalteau method, total flavonoid content using the AlCl3 method, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. This research consists of 2 factors, namely the type of solvent and variations in extraction time. The solvents used are acetone and ethanol, while the extraction time durations are set at 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes. The results of the analysis using ANOVA and post hoc test DMRT at the 5% significance level indicate that the type of solvent and extraction time variations used have a significant influence on the produced content. The highest yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity in this research were obtained from ethanol as the solvent with a MAE time of 10 minutes, with respective values of 62.21%, 172.9 mg EAG/g, 110.60 mg EQ/g, and 24.12 µg/mL. The correlation testing showed that total phenolic content contributes 95.5%, while total flavonoid content contributes 56.5% to the generated antioxidant activity (IC50). Phenolic compounds are the most dominant compounds in the resam leaf extract, which play a role as antioxidants.

The Effect of Electrode Types and Voltage on COD in Flavoring Industry Waste Using Electrocoagulation

Muhammad Faishal Muzakky — 2023-10-31

Industrial waste is something that must be managed by every company so as not to endanger the surrounding environment. One of the industries that must process its waste is the food flavoring industry. This industrial waste has the characteristics of high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) values. This study used the electrocoagulation method which aims to treat this food flavor industrial waste. This electrocoagulation method uses variations of aluminum and steel electrodes, variations of voltaje 6v, 9v and 12v where the waste will be processed for 120 minutes. The results of this study were the COD value to 31.25 Mg/l from the initial 22,310 mg/L.

The Effect of Contact Time and Optimum pH on the Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye by Alginate-Chitosan Complex Polyelectrolyte Films

Rahayu Rahayu — 2023-10-31

Alginate derived from brown seaweed (Padina.sp) can be combined with chitosan to form a complex polyelectrolyte film, which can be used as an adsorbent for water contaminants such as methylene blue dye. The adsorption process is carried out by determining the maximum wavelength, which is then used to determine the contact time and pH needed to adsorb methylene blue. The results showed that the optimum contact time required to adsorb methylene blue was 20 minutes with an adsorption capacity of 18.8055 mg/L, and the optimum pH occurred at pH 9 with an adsorption capacity of 21.9975 mg/L.

A Comparison of Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Young and Old Areca Seeds (Areca catechu L.) in vitro

Leni Legasari — 2023-10-31

Areca catechu L. has been widely used as a traditional medicine in medicinal practices in various countries around the world. Areca nut contains secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and tannins so it has great potential to be developed as a medicine. The use of anti-inflammatory drugs from natural ingredients is widely developed because synthetic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs cause side effects to the body such as nausea, diarrhea, headaches, and stomach ulcers. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and determine the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extracts of young and old areca nut seeds. Old areca nut seeds used are areca nut fruits that have an orange color while young areca nut seeds are areca nut fruits that have a green color. The anti-inflammatory activity test method was carried out using the protein denaturation inhibition method at 5, 10, 15, and 20 ppm extract concentrations. The results of this study indicate that young and old areca nut seeds positively contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins and negatively contain steroids. The results of anti-inflammatory activity testing show that ethanol extracts of young and old areca nut seeds have the potential as anti-inflammatory because they have a percentage value of protein denaturation inhibition greater than 20%. A comparison of anti-inflammatory activity between areca nut seeds can be seen from the IC50 value of ethanol extract. The IC₅₀ results show that young areca seeds have an IC₅₀ value of 7.42 ppm which is higher than the old areca seeds of 11.52 ppm