Simulasi Numerik II : Distribusi Diameter Droplet pada Semprotan Biodiesel Kelapa, Jatropa Curcas dan Minyak Goreng Bekas dalam Ruang Bakar Mexican Hat
Abstract
Abstrak
Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar terbarukan dengan properties hampir menyerupai diesel fuel dan dapat digunakan pada motor diesel direct injection tanpa perubahan sistem bahan bakarnya. Bahan baku biodiesel yang tersedia di Indonesia antara lain kelapa, jatropa curcas dan minyak goreng bekas dapat diubah menjadi biodiesel melalui proses esterifikasi. Penelitian numerik menggunakan FLUENT 6.2 ini dilakukan pada model ruang bakar mexican hat untuk mengetahui distribusi ukuran droplet serta visualisasi semprotan dari ketiga jenis biodiesel tersebut. Pemodelan turbulen yang digunakan adalah RNG k-ε karena dapat memprediksi struktur large scale yang diproduksi oleh semprotan dan squish flow sedangkan pemodelan break-up menggunakan WAVE karena semprotan ini berlangsung dalam angka Weber yang tinggi. Hasil numerik membuktikan bahwa biodiesel minyak goreng bekas memiliki droplet berdiameter lebih besar daripada biodiesel kelapa atau jatropa curcas karena memiliki tegangan permukaan tinggi. Diameter partikel akan berkurang saat penetrasi semakin jauh karena pengaruh gaya aerodinamik yang bekerja pada droplet dan droplet tadi pecah setelah bertumbukan dengan dinding piston.
Kata kunci : diameter droplet, SMD, biodiesel
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References
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