PERHITUNGAN DISTRIBUSI TEGANGAN SISA PENGELASAN SAMBUNGAN–T PADA INSTALASI PIPA
Abstract
Abstrak
Studi tentang pemodelan dan perhitungan tegangan sisa akibat pengelasan pada sambungan-T pada instalasi perpipaan. Model perhitungan diambil material standard las dengan data koefisien konduksi panas, k =13,5x106 W/ °K.m2, dan angka muai termal, α = 13x10-6 mm/mm. Tegangan sisa dihitung berdasarkan iterasi regangan yang timbul akibat distribusi suhu selama pendinginan dari suhu pengelasan menuju temperatur ruang dengan simulasi suhu pada daerah las sebesar 1200 °C. Perhitungan berdasarkan metode elemen hingga dengan program ANSYS 5.4. model 3 dimensi. Distribusi tegangan menunjukkan harga tegangan total pada bahan las berkisar antara 300 sampai dengan 400 MPa, sedangkan pada material pipa antara 30 sampai 200 MPa. Konsentrasi tegangan dapat diamati pada sambungan pengelasan yang terjadi pada bagian dalam dan permukaan sambungan dengan tegangan maksimum sekitar 440 MPa. Hasil perhitungan ini disimpulkan bahwa komputasi perhitungan sisa dapat memprediksi harga rata-rata maupun harga maksimum tegangan sisa yang terjadi akibat konsentrasi tegangan.
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References
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