Effectiveness of the Combination of Alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃) and Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) Coagulants in the Removal of Manganese (Mn) Using the Coagulation-Flocculation Process
Efektivitas Kombinasi Koagulan Alum (Al2(SO4)3) dan Kalsium Hidroksida (Ca(OH)2) pada Penghilangan Logam Mangan (Mn) Menggunakan Proses Koagulasi-Flokulasi
Keywords:
Coagulation-Flocculation, Coagulants, Alum, Calcium Hydroxide, Manganese
Abstract
A technique for reducing the contamination of heavy metals in wastewater is the coagulationflocculation method. The approach has various advantages, including a simple process, readily
available chemicals, inexpensive equipment costs, and an excellent capacity to remove pollutants. The goal of this research is to see how well Mn-containing wastewater can be reduced using alum and calcium hydroxide as coagulants. The adsorption capacity of the coagulant combination in the floc generation phase of the coagulation-flocculation process can also be calculated. The technique used is coagulation-flocculation, with modifications made to the coagulant content and stirring duration. The data was then evaluated using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) to assess the decrease Mn concentration in wastewater. According to the experiments, the combination of alum and calcium hydroxide coagulants with a mass composition ratio of alum:calcium hydroxide (150 mg:50 mg) and a stirring time of 15 minutes has the highest efficiency of 89.35% and is directly proportional to the adsorption capacity value of 446.75
mg/gram.
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References
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Gautam, S., & Saini, G. (2020). Use of natural coagulants for industrial wastewater treatment. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 6(4), 553–578. https://doi.org/10.22034/gjesm.2020.04.10
Kristianto, H., Manurung, N., Wardhani, I. K., Prasetyo, S., Sugih, A. K., & Arbita, A. A. (2022). A kinetic, isotherm adsorption, and thermodynamic study of Congo red coagulation using Leucaena crude extract as natural coagulant. Water Practice and Technology, 17(6), 1332–1346. https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2022.058
Li, Y., Xu, Z., Ma, H., & Hursthouse, A. S. (2019). Removal of Manganese ( II ) from Acid Mine Wastewater : A Review of the Challenges and Opportunities with Special Emphasis on. Water, Ii.
Lu, J., Dreisinger, D., & Glück, T. (2016). Electrolytic manganese metal production from manganese carbonate precipitate. Hydrometallurgy, 161, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.01.010
Malik, Q. H. (2018). Performance of alum and assorted coagulants in turbidity removal of muddy water. Applied Water Science, 8(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-018-0662-5
Maurya, S., & Daverey, A. (2018). Evaluation of plant-based natural coagulants for municipal wastewater treatment. 3 Biotech, 8(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-018-1103-8
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Prabhu, P. P., & Prabhu, B. (2018). A Review on Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Waste Water using Natural/ Modified Bentonite. MATEC Web of Conferences, 144, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201714402021
Sahu, O., & Chaudhari, P. (2013). Review on Chemical treatment of Industrial Waste Water. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v17i2.8
Selikhova, M., Tripoliti, E., Fedoryshyn, L., Matvienko, Y., Stanetska, H., Boychuk, M., Komnatska, I., Lees, A. J., & Sanotsky, Y. (2016). Analysis of a distinct speech disorder seen in chronic manganese toxicity following Ephedrone abuse. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 147, 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2016.05.027
Sihaib, Z., Puleo, F., Garcia-Vargas, J. M., Retailleau, L., Descorme, C., Liotta, L. F., Valverde, J. L., Gil, S., & Giroir-Fendler, A. (2017). Manganese oxide-based catalysts for toluene oxidation. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 209, 689–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.03.042
Sohrabi, Y., Rahimi, S., Nafez, A. H., Mirzaei, N., Bagheri, A., Ghadiri, S. K., Rezaei, S., & Charganeh, S. S. (2018). Chemical coagulation efficiency in removal of water turbidity. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 10(3), 188–194. https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2018.10.03.071
Sohrabi, Y., Saeidi, M., Biglari, H., Rahdar, S., Baneshi, M. M., Ahamadabadi, M., Narooie, M. R., Khaksefidi, R., & Alipour, V. (2016). Heavy metal concentrations in water resources of rural areas of Kermanshah, Iran. IIOAB Journal, 7, 542–546.
Wirth, J. J., Rossano, M. G., Daly, D. C., Paneth, N., Puscheck, E., Potter, R. C., & Diamond, M. P. (2007). Ambient manganese exposure is negatively associated with human sperm motility and concentration. Epidemiology, 18(2), 270–273. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000253939.06166.7e
Xu, J., Wang, W., & Zhao, Y. (2021). Phenolic compounds in whole grain sorghum and their health benefits. Foods, 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10081921
Yu, W. zheng, Gregory, J., Campos, L., & Li, G. (2011). The role of mixing conditions on floc growth, breakage and re-growth. Chemical Engineering Journal, 171(2), 425–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.03.098
Published
2024-10-31
How to Cite
Simanullang, S. P., Afandy, M., & Sawali, F. D. (2024). Effectiveness of the Combination of Alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃) and Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) Coagulants in the Removal of Manganese (Mn) Using the Coagulation-Flocculation Process. Stannum : Jurnal Sains Dan Terapan Kimia, 6(2), 71-78. https://doi.org/10.33019/jstk.v6i2.4301
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2024 Moh. Azhar Afandy; Fikrah Dian Indrawati Sawali, Samuel Putra Mandiri Simanullang
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