DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE AGRIBUSINESS SYSTEM OF NATIVE CHICKEN

PENUMBUHKEMBANGAN PERILAKU KEWIRAUSAHAAN DALAM SISTEM AGRIBISNIS AYAM LOKAL

Abstract

The development of native chicken has a prospective along with the diversification of products that are increasingly in demand by the community with its market segment. However, native chickens businesses which are mostly in the form of back yard farming cause uncompetitive bargaining power of native chicken farmers. This is because entrepreneurial skills have not been well implemented. In the agribusiness system, the effectiveness and efficiency of native chicken performance have not determined by physical capital only, but also social capital (entrepreneurial skills), especially entrepreneurial behavior. The objective of this research was to analyze the developing entrepreneurial behavior in the native chicken agribusiness system. This study uses the literature review method by using secondary data and research journals, theses/dissertations, textbooks, and government reports. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the native chicken breeds in the upstream agribusiness subsystem were crucial points that need to be considered to maintain the continuity of day-old chick (DOC) supply for the on-farm subsystem. Institutional support, government support, native chicken associations, and marketing networks need to be strengthened. In the on-farm subsystem, the behavior of farmers who are not yet oriented to native chickens as a business was an important essence for making changes in entrepreneurial behavior. Entrepreneurial behavior consisting of knowledge (cognitive), mental attitude (affective), and skills (psychomotor) were the determinants of business performance. Entrepreneurial behavior influenced by internal factors (entrepreneurial character) and external factors (business environment). The main character of entrepreneurs needs to be considered to develop entrepreneurial behavior, namely motivation, innovation, and risk-taking, while external factors are training support, production facilities, and government policies.